| Customization: | Available |
|---|---|
| Application: | Surgery |
| Usage Mode: | Intravenous Administration |
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Atropine Sulfate Injection is used:
• as a preoperative medication for the reduction of salivary and bronchial secretions.
• during cardiopulmonary resuscitation to treat sinus bradycardia or asystole.
• for treatment of symptomatic sinus bradycardia induced by drugs or toxic substances such as pilocarpine, organophosphate pesticides, amanita muscaria mushrooms.
• for management of bradycardia of acute myocardial infarction.
• for prevention of cholinergic effects on the heart (e.g. arrhythmias, bradycardia) during surgery.
• in combination with neostigmine during reversal of effect of non-depolarising muscle relaxants.
Atropine sulfate should be used with caution in children, the elderly and those with Down's syndrome. It should be given with caution to patients with diarrhoea, urinary retention or fever, and when the ambient temperature is high. Care is required in patients with acute myocardial infarction as ischaemia and infarction may be exacerbated and in patients with hypertension.
Caution is also required when using the drug in patients with conditions characterised by tachycardia such as thyrotoxicosis, cardiac insufficiency or failure and during cardiac surgery. Paradoxical atrioventricular block or sinus arrest has been reported following administration of atropine in a few patients after heart transplantation. The use of atropine for therapeutic or diagnostic procedures in heart transplant patients should be undertaken with extreme caution, and ECG monitoring and equipment for immediate temporary pacing should be available.
Caution is required when atropine is administered systemically to patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, as a reduction in bronchial secretions may lead to the formation of bronchial plugs.
Antimuscarinics such as atropine may delay gastric emptying, decrease gastric motility and relax the oesophageal sphincter. They should be used with caution in patients whose conditions may be aggravated by these effects e.g. reflux oesophagitis.
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