Common name:
Acyclovir for injection
Function and function:
1.Herpes simplex virus infection: for the treatment of primary and recurrent mucosal skin infections in immunocompromised patients and the prevention of recurrent cases; It is also used in the treatment of herpes simplex encephalitis.
2.Herpes zoster: used for the treatment of patients with severe herpes zoster caused by immunodeficiency or with normal immune function.
3.Treatment of chickenpox in immunocompromised persons.
Usage and dosage:
For intravenous infusion only, the duration of each infusion shall be more than 1 hour.
Adult consumption
1.For the initial treatment of severe genital herpes, 5mg/kg for one time according to weight (acyclovir, the same below), 3 times a day, and 1 time at 8-hour intervals for a total of 5 days.
2.For patients with immune deficiency, herpes simplex or severe zoster in the skin and mucous membrane, the patients should be given 5 ~ 10mg/kg at a time according to their body weight, 3 times a day, and once every 8 hours, for a total of 7 ~ 10 days.
3.For herpes simplex encephalitis, 10mg/kg for one time, 3 times a day, and one time every 8 hours for 10 days.
The maximum daily dose for adults is 30mg/kg for body weight or 1.5g/m2 for body surface area.Do not exceed 20 mg/kg every 8 hours.
Pediatric dosage
1.For the initial treatment of severe genital herpes, infants and children under 12 years old should receive 250mg/m2 per time according to the body surface area (acyclovir, the same below), 3 times a day, and once every 8 hours, for a total of 5 days.
2.For infants and children under 12 years old with immune deficiency, they should be given 250mg/m2 per time according to the body surface area, 3 times a day, and once every 8 hours for a total of 7 days.
3.For herpes simplex encephalitis, 10mg/kg for one time, 3 times a day, and one time every 8 hours for 10 days.
4.For patients with immune deficiency complicated with chickenpox, 10mg/kg or 500mg/m2 for one time according to body weight or body surface area, 3 times a day, and one time at intervals of 8 hours for a total of 10 days.
The maximum dose for children is 500mg/m2 per 8 hours per body surface area.
Preparation of the drug solution: add 0.5g of this product into 10ml of water for injection to make the concentration of 50g/L. Thoroughly shake the product into a solution, then dilute it with sodium chloride injection or 5% glucose injection to at least 100ml, so that the final drug concentration does not exceed 7g/L, otherwise it is easy to cause phlebitis.The prepared solution should be used within 12 hours.Precipitation will occur when placed in the refrigerator.
This product shall not be diluted with a diluent containing benzyl alcohol.
Patients with acute or chronic renal insufficiency should not use this product by intravenous drip, because rapid drip can cause renal failure.
Agent:
injection
Adverse reactions:
1, the common adverse reactions: inflammation of the injection site or phlebitis, itching or hives, rash, fever, mild headache, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, proteinuria, blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine values rise, abnormal liver function such as serum aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, moderately elevated total bilirubin and so on.
2, rare adverse reactions are: acute renal insufficiency, leukocyte and red blood cell decline, hemoglobin reduction, neutropenia, thrombocytopenic purpura, cholesterol, triglyceride rise, hematuria, hypotension, hyperhidrosis, palpitations, dyspnea, chest distress, etc.
The clinical adverse reactions observed after the product was put on the market include:
1. Reactions of the digestive system: including gastrointestinal spasm, diarrhea, anorexia, etc.
2. Systemic anaphylaxis: including fever, headache, angioneurotic edema, rash, peripheral redness and swelling, etc.
3, neurological reactions: including headache, overexcitement, irritability, delirium, ataxia, coma, confusion, dizziness, dizziness, headache, hallucination, local nerve paralysis, tremor, drowsiness.These symptoms may be more pronounced, especially in the elderly.
4, blood and lymphatic system: including anemia, white blood cells and thrombocytopenia, lymphadenitis, vasculitis, DIC, hemolysis, etc.
5, hepatobiliary, pancreas: including hepatitis, hyperbilirubinemia, jaundice and so on.
Musculoskeletal system: muscle pain response.
7 skin: bald, photosensitive sex skin rashes, Sao Xiang, Stevens Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrosis, rubella, erythema multiforme, etc.
Special sensation: abnormal vision.
Forbidden:
People who are allergic to this product should not use it.
Matters needing attention:
1.Warning: renal function should be checked before or during treatment with acyclovir, which can cause death in patients with renal impairment.When patients with immunodeficiency are treated with aciclovir, they can develop thrombosis, thrombocytopenic purpura - hemolytic uremia syndrome (ttp-hus), and can lead to death.
2.Patients with acute or chronic renal insufficiency should not use this product by intravenous drip, because rapid drip can cause renal failure.
4. People who are allergic to ganciclovir may also be allergic to this product.
5.The advantages and disadvantages of the drug should be considered in the following situations: for patients with dehydration, the dose of this product should be reduced.Patients with severe liver insufficiency, patients who are not able to tolerate this product, patients with abnormal mental state, or patients who have had psychotic reactions to cytotoxic drugs in the past, are liable to have psychiatric symptoms with this product, and should be used with caution.
6. Currently, there is no research data on the treatment of shingles after the acute onset of more than 72 hours, so the patients diagnosed with shingles should be treated as early as possible.
7, chicken pox: for healthy children, chicken pox is a mild to moderate self-limited disease, and adolescents and adults are more serious.Treatment should be carried out within 24 hours after the acute onset of chickenpox.
8. This product cannot eradicate the virus from genital herpes infection.There was no significant effect on the incubation period and recurrence of herpes simplex virus.There is no information on whether this product can prevent transmission of the disease to others.Because genital herpes is a sexually transmitted disease, patients should avoid contact with the infection and avoid sexual intercourse to avoid infecting their spouses.Genital herpes can also be transmitted when there are no symptoms and is passed out by an asymptomatic virus.If genital herpes recurs, the patient should be treated at the first sign or symptom.Since most patients with genital herpes are susceptible to cervical cancer, patients should be screened at least once a year for early detection.
9. Patients with severe immune deficiency may develop drug resistance after long-term treatment with this product.If skin lesions do not improve in patients with herpes simplex, the virus should be tested for sensitivity to the product.
10. Slow timing of intravenous drip.Otherwise, drug crystal precipitation can occur in the glomeruli, causing renal function damage can be up to 10% of the cases, and do not let it leak to the outside of the blood vessels, so as not to cause pain and phlebitis.
11. 2 hours after intravenous infusion, the concentration of urine drug is the highest. At this time, the patient should be given enough water to prevent the drug from depositing in the renal tubules.
12. A single hemodialysis can reduce the blood drug concentration by 60%, so a dose should be resupplied every time for 6 hours.
13, the dose of obese patients should be calculated according to the standard weight.When dose adjustment is needed, it can be adjusted according to the elimination rate of creatinine.
14. Interference in diagnosis: renal tubules can be blocked and blood creatinine and urea nitrogen can be increased.If dosage is appropriate, moisture is sufficient, won't cause commonly.
15, this agent is alkaline, and mixing with other drugs will easily cause PH value change, should try to avoid compatibility use.
16, patients notice: if you feel serious or disturbing adverse reactions, pregnant or pregnant women, women preparing to breast-feed, or patients with other problems, should consult a doctor, under the guidance of the doctor rational use of drugs.
Ingredients:
The main ingredients of this product are: acyclovir, sodium hydroxide as the auxiliary material
Properties:
This product is white loose lump or powder
Medication for pregnant women and lactating women:
Pregnant women should use with caution. An epidemiological record of the efficacy of aciclovir in pregnant women was established from 1984 to April 1994. Among 756 trials conducted over a period of 3 months, 749 pregnant women were systematically treated with aciclovir, and its teratogenic effect on infants was similar to that of the general population.But these data are insufficient to prove that acyclovir is completely safe for pregnant women and fetuses.Acyclovir should be considered only when its therapeutic effects on the fetus far outweigh the risks.
The concentration of acyclovir in milk was 0.6 ~ 4.1 times of that in blood.A dose of 0.3mg/kg per day for a lactating woman may affect the baby's development.Acyclovir is only available to lactating women when necessary.
Medication for children:
Although no special adverse reactions have been found in children, they should be used with caution.Newborn babies should not be prepared with diluent containing benzodiazepine, otherwise it will easily cause fatal syndrome, including acidosis, central depression, dyspnea, renal failure, hypotension, epilepsy and intracranial hemorrhage.
Drug interactions:
1.Use with interferon or methotrexate (intrasheath), may cause mental abnormalities, should be used with caution.
2.Combined with nephrotoxic drugs can aggravate nephrotoxicity, especially in patients with renal insufficiency.
3.Combined with Zidovudine can cause nephrotoxicity, presenting as deep lethargy and fatigue.
4.It can inhibit the secretion of organic acid competitively with benzosulfamethoxazole. Combined with benzosulfamethoxazole, the excretion of benzosulfamethoxazole is slowed down, the half-life is prolonged, and the drug accumulates in the body.
Storage:
Shading, airtight storage.
Drug expiry date:
24 Months
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